A Remote National Park In Brazil Offers Otherworldly Sand Dunes And Crystal Clear Lagoons

Brazil is a country known for its vibrant culture, stunning landscapes, and natural wonders. From the iconic white sand beaches of Rio de Janeiro to the vast, biodiverse Amazon Rainforest — of which nearly 60% lies within Brazil — the country offers a wealth of natural beauty. However, one of Brazil's most surreal landscapes often remains in the shadows of these famous destinations. Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, located in the northeastern state of Maranhão, is a hidden gem that defies expectations. With its rolling white sand dunes and pristine, emerald-green lagoons, it offers a destination off the beaten path and an almost dreamlike experience that few other places in the world can match.

Despite its remote location, Lençóis Maranhenses is an adventure worth taking. The closest major airport is Marechal Cunha Machado International Airport (SLZ) in São Luís, the capital of Maranhão. From there, visitors can travel by bus or private transfer to the park's gateway towns, Barreirinhas and Santo Amaro do Maranhão. Barreirinhas, the region's main tourist hub, provides the best offerings for travelers, including lodging, restaurants, and tour guides. Santo Amaro, located about 1.24-miles from the park, offers a simpler experience but is within walking distance of the park. Once in Barreirinhas, travelers will need to take a ferry and a 30-minute drive into the park.

Lençóis Maranhenses National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that boasts one of the most unique and dynamic ecosystems in the world. Stretching across 386,873 acres, the park is a striking fusion of desert-like dunes and crystalline lagoons. Despite its arid appearance, the region is not technically a desert — it receives ample rainfall during the wet season, which transforms the dunes into a mesmerizing spectacle of water-filled basins.

These temporary lagoons, formed by the seasonal rains between February and May, are what make the park so extraordinary. As the rainwater collects in the depressions between dunes, it creates thousands of shimmering pools, ranging in hues from deep blue to emerald green. The presence of algae and cyanobacteria within the water enhances the colors, giving the park its signature multicolored aesthetic. Some lagoons, like Lagoa do Peixe, retain water year-round, while others disappear during the dry season from June to January, only to re-emerge with the next rains.

The ever-changing landscape is in constant motion. The dunes, sculpted by relentless coastal winds, shift and reshape over time, creating an environment that is as unpredictable as it is beautiful. These mobile dunes are among the largest in South America, offering visitors an otherworldly experience unlike any other natural site. Walking among the undulating sands and plunging into the cool, clear lagoons creates an unparalleled sense of wonder and serves as a reminder to embrace the changes of life.

While the entire park is breathtaking, certain locations stand out as must-visit spots. The Lagoa Azul Circuit is one of the most popular routes, leading visitors to some of the clearest waters in the park, including Blue Lagoon, Sloth Lagoon, and Emerald Lagoon. Another highlight is the Lagoa Bonita Circuit, which requires climbing up a wooden staircase on a steep, roughly 100-foot-high dune but rewards hikers with a panoramic view of the vast dune field. For those seeking a more tranquil escape, Lagoa do Peixe offers year-round solitude.

For a more immersive experience, visitors can explore the Atins region, a small fishing village known for its laid-back atmosphere and traditional charm. Atins is a paradise for kite surfers and adventure seekers while also offering a rare glimpse into the town's way of life. For more authentic cultural stops, visit Canto dos Lençóis within the park to eat at community-run restaurants serving traditional dishes. While visiting, interact with locals to see why many tourists call Brazil the most friendly South American destination.

Traveling through Lençóis Maranhenses requires preparation. To navigate the dunes by vehicle, visitors must hire a guide with an accredited off-road vehicle, as only authorized cars with national park permits are allowed inside. Alternatively, those looking for a more physical challenge can explore the park on foot, hiking between lagoons and dunes. Guided night tours offer a unique opportunity to witness the stunning starlit skies above the desert-like terrain. Beyond hiking and swimming, other activities include tubing down the Formiga River, picnicking by the lagoons, and cycling along designated trails. For the best experience, travelers should plan their visit between May and September, when the lagoons are at their fullest and the scenery is at its most breathtaking. Prepare for the weather by being cautious of what you pack to wear in Brazil. For those willing to embark on the journey, this secluded Brazilian wonder promises a trip that feels truly otherworldly.